Plateau State, situated in Nigeria’s Middle Belt region, has long been a microcosm of the nation’s ethno-religious diversity. However, this diversity has also been a source of tension, leading to recurrent conflicts that have devastated communities, displaced thousands, and disrupted livelihoods.
In recent years, a concerted effort by humanitarian organizations, local leaders, and the affected communities themselves has been pivotal in fostering resilience and rebuilding.
Between 2001 and 2018, Plateau State witnessed severe communal clashes, primarily between farming communities and nomadic herders.
These conflicts resulted in the loss of approximately 60,000 lives and displaced over 300,000 individuals across four Nigerian states, including Plateau.
The protracted violence led to the destruction of homes, farmlands, and critical infrastructure. Displaced populations faced challenges such as loss of livelihoods, inadequate housing, limited access to healthcare, disrupted education, and compromised security.
In the aftermath of the December 2023 violence, which affected over 200,000 people and displaced more than 34,000, organizations like the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF stepped in to provide essential services. WHO donated trauma kits to support the treatment of injured victims, while UNICEF focused on health and Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) assistance in the affected Local Government Areas (LGAs).
The Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) has been instrumental in implementing livelihood programs across six LGAs, benefiting over 67,000 individuals since 2022. These programs focus on education, food security, shelter, WASH, and legal assistance, aiming to equip affected individuals with sustainable solutions for the future.
Rebecca, a 22-year-old from Miango, faced displacement due to repeated violent attacks. After receiving training in catering through NRC’s programs, she now sells baked goods in her community, aspiring to further her education and become an accountant.
Justina, from Rafiki in Bassa LGA, had to drop out of secondary school due to financial constraints and ongoing attacks. Through a five-month shoemaking training program, she now crafts and sells shoes, mentoring others in her community.
Displaced families risk losing their ancestral lands without legal proof of ownership. Organizations like NRC are assisting in restoring land rights by providing Certificates of Occupancy, reducing land disputes and enabling displaced people to return with a sense of security.
Despite humanitarian efforts, security remains a significant concern. Recent incidents have highlighted the urgent need for a joint humanitarian response to address the crisis effectively.
While immediate relief is crucial, sustainable development and conflict resolution strategies are essential for long-term peace. Locally-led solutions that address the root causes of conflict, such as competition over resources and ethnic tensions, are vital.
The resilience of Plateau State’s communities, bolstered by targeted humanitarian interventions, showcases a path toward recovery and stability.
Empowering individuals through livelihood programs, restoring land rights, and addressing security concerns are critical components of rebuilding efforts.
A collaborative approach involving local communities, government, and international organizations is imperative to ensure lasting peace and development in Plateau State.